Accessibility · WCAG 2.2

Inclusive UX that defends compliance & user equity

We run WCAG-aligned audits, contrast labs, screen-reader testing, and engineering remediation sprints so more people can use your product — and compliance is evidence, not a checkbox.

  • WCAG 2.2 Level AA/AAA
  • Assistive Tech Testing
  • VPAT 2.4 Handoff
  • EAA 2025 & ADA Shield
WCAG 2.2 Conformance EngineTarget Level
Active Target: Level AA100% Pass Scope

The global legal standard (ADA, EAA 2025, Section 508). Covers 4.5:1 text contrast, visible focus, resize text to 200%, and error identification.

ALevel A baseline criteria
AALegal & product standard
AAAEnhanced contrast & focus
2.2Current W3C recommendation

By The Numbers

Accessibility is a market opportunity

1B+People with disabilities

15% of the global population — the world's largest minority

$13TAnnual spending power

The combined disposable income of the disability community

4,605ADA lawsuits in 2023

US federal digital accessibility litigation — up 12% YoY

96.3%Top sites have errors

WebAIM Million: 96.3% of homepages had detectable WCAG failures

€100K+EAA 2025 penalties

European Accessibility Act fines for non-compliant digital products

15%+Conversion lift

Accessible e-commerce sites report 15%+ higher conversion rates

W3C Framework

POUR: Four pillars of WCAG 2.2

Every success criterion in WCAG 2.2 slots into one of four core principles. Master these and you master the standard.

UI designer testing visual contrast ratios and color swatch palettes
P

Perceivable

Information must be presented in formats all senses can process.

  • Text alternatives for non-text content (1.1.1)
  • Captions & audio descriptions (1.2.2)
  • 4.5:1 minimum color contrast (1.4.3)
  • Reflow without horizontal scroll at 400% (1.4.10)
1.1.11.2.21.4.31.4.10
Keyboard focus order testing on web application
O

Operable

Interface components must be controllable by keyboard or switch.

  • 100% full keyboard navigation (2.1.1)
  • No keyboard focus traps (2.1.2)
  • Clear focus indicators with 2px outer outline (2.4.7)
  • Target size minimum 24x24px (2.5.8)
2.1.12.1.22.4.72.5.8
Form layout with inline validation and predictable navigation
U

Understandable

UI logic, text language, and feedback must be clear & predictable.

  • HTML page lang attribute set (3.1.1)
  • Consistent navigation across pages (3.2.3)
  • Error identification & inline suggestions (3.3.1)
  • Redundant input prevention (3.3.7)
3.1.13.2.33.3.13.3.7
Semantic HTML DOM tree inspection in IDE
R

Robust

Content must be compatible with current and future assistive tech.

  • Valid HTML elements & attributes (4.1.1)
  • Name, Role, Value for custom widgets (4.1.2)
  • Status messages via aria-live (4.1.3)
  • Native button vs div role enforcement
4.1.14.1.24.1.3ARIA 1.2

Real Hardware & Software

Tested on real screen readers & assistive devices

Automated tests miss screen-reader context. We sit with real users using NVDA, VoiceOver, JAWS, and switch controllers.

Software development workspace testing screen reader announcements40.7% Market

NVDA

Screen Reader · Windows

Insert + F7 (Elements List)

Focus Check: Speech output for ARIA live regions & dynamic alerts

MacBook Pro setup testing VoiceOver gestures and keyboard focus39.8% Market

Apple VoiceOver

Screen Reader · macOS / iOS

VO + Keys / Rotor Gesture

Focus Check: Rotor navigation for landmarks, headings, and tables

Enterprise web dashboard undergoing JAWS virtual cursor audit40.1% Market

JAWS

Screen Reader · Windows Enterprise

Insert + F6 (Headings List)

Focus Check: Virtual PC cursor & complex modal dialog trap tests

User experience team conducting switch control and motor accessibility audit12.4% Audience

Switch Control & Voice Access

Motor Assistive · Cross-Platform

Single / Dual Switch Scan

Focus Check: Minimum target hit areas (24x24px / 44x44px)

Delivery Schedule

From zero to VPAT in 5 focused phases

Every engagement follows our structured sprint cadence — audit, remediate, certify.

Day 1–2

Scoping & Discovery

  • Stakeholder kickoff call
  • URL mapping & user journey prioritization
  • Toolchain setup (Axe Core, Pa11y, Lighthouse)
📦 Deliverable: Audit scope matrix & user journey map
Automated accessibility testing script running alongside human expert audit
65%

Manual Audit Coverage

Audit Depth

Dual-Engine Testing Methodology

Automated scripts catch 35% of syntactical errors — our human experts audit the 65% logical & contextual criteria.

35%Automated Scan (Axe Core / Pa11y)
  • Missing alt attributes
  • Duplicate DOM node IDs
  • Color contrast ratio math
  • HTML lang attribute presence
  • Form input missing label tags
65%Human Expert & Assistive Tech Audit
  • Logical tab focus sequence
  • Screen reader announcement clarity
  • Keyboard trap detection in custom modals
  • Meaningful text alternatives for charts
  • Error recovery & dynamic state announcements

Diagnostic Inspector

Code fixes & screen reader output diffs

See how bad DOM markup causes failures and how semantic ARIA fixes resolve them.

CriticalIcon button rendered as a clickable <div> without keyboard accessibility or screen reader label.
✕ Non-Compliant Code
<div onClick={openCart} className="cart-icon">
  <ShoppingBag />
</div>
✓ Remediated Accessible Code
<button 
  type="button"
  onClick={openCart}
  aria-label="Shopping cart, 3 items"
  className="cart-icon focus-visible:ring-2"
>
  <ShoppingBag aria-hidden="true" />
  <span className="sr-only">3 items</span>
</button>
Screen Reader (Before): Unclickable element (Silence). Keyboard Tab skips this button completely.
Screen Reader (After): Button, Shopping cart, 3 items. Press Space or Enter to activate.

Interaction Patterns

Keyboard navigation pattern library

Every interactive UI pattern must follow these keyboard contract specifications to pass WCAG 2.1.1.

PatternKeysComponentWCAGNotes
Tab NavigationTab / Shift+TabAll interactive elements2.1.1Sequential focus through links, buttons, inputs, selects
Dialog TrapTab inside modal / Esc to closeModal, Drawer, Dialog2.1.2Focus must be trapped inside dialog until dismissed
Disclosure ButtonEnter or SpaceAccordion, Dropdown4.1.2aria-expanded toggles on activation
List Box NavigationArrow Up / DownSelect, Combobox, Menu2.1.1Arrow keys move focus within role=listbox or role=menu
Carousel ControlArrow Left / RightCarousel, Slider2.1.1roving tabindex moves through slides
Skip LinkTab (first in page)Skip Nav anchor2.4.1Bypasses repeated navigation, jumps to main content

Contrast Lab

Math-verified contrast ratios (4.5:1 AA / 7:1 AAA)

We test foreground text against backgrounds in normal, large, and dark mode contexts.

Aa

Deep Ink on Paper

Primary headings & body text#0B1464 → #FFFFFF

14.2:1 · Pass AAA

Aa

Signal Blue on Paper

Interactive links & buttons#2338F0 → #FFFFFF

4.6:1 · Pass AA

Aa

Paper White on Navy

Dark mode surfaces & hero cards#FFFFFF → #0C1438

16.1:1 · Pass AAA

Aa

Muted Gray on Wash

Non-compliant placeholder (Fixed to #4B5563)#6B7280 → #F5F7FA

3.1:1 · Fail

Component Audit

Accessible component library remediation

The most common component-level failures and how we rebuild them to pass WCAG 2.2 with full keyboard support.

Calendar date picker component with keyboard focus visibleRebuilt from Scratch

Date Picker

  • No keyboard navigation
  • No aria-label on cells
  • No live region for month change
Use react-aria's <DatePicker> with full ARIA grid pattern and aria-live month announcer
Data table component with accessible column headers and sort controlsNeeds ARIA

Data Table

  • Missing column scope attributes
  • Sortable headers not announced
  • No row selection state
Add scope='col', aria-sort, aria-selected on th/tr and role=grid wrapper
Toast notification component visible on screen with dismiss actionNeeds ARIA

Toast Notifications

  • Disappears without screen reader announcement
  • No dismiss keyboard control
Wrap in <div role='status' aria-live='polite'> with visible Dismiss button
Navigation mega menu with keyboard focus ring visible on active itemRebuilt from Scratch

Navigation Mega Menu

  • No arrow-key navigation
  • No aria-haspopup or aria-expanded
  • Focus leaves dropdown immediately
Implement disclosure pattern with roving tabindex and Esc-to-close

Industry Compliance

Compliance requirements by vertical

Different industries face different regulations. We know each landscape and adapt our audit scope accordingly.

Government public sector digital service accessibility audit
Section 508 / EN 301 549

Government & Public Sector

⚠ Mandatory for all federal & EU public-body digital services

✦ Full WCAG 2.2 AA compliance audit, VPAT 2.4 INT production, and CI/CD regression suite

Healthcare telehealth platform accessibility testing
ADA Title III / HIPAA UX

Healthcare & Telehealth

⚠ Patient portal inaccessibility creates life-critical barriers

✦ Screen reader compatible forms, motor-accessible booking flows, high-contrast patient UI

E-commerce platform with accessible product filters and checkout flow
EAA 2025 / ADA Title III

E-Commerce & Retail

⚠ Cart abandonment, lawsuits, and lost $13T disability market share

✦ Accessible product search, keyboard checkout flows, focus-visible cart and filter controls

Educational platform with captions and accessible quiz interface
IDEA / Section 504 / EAA

Education & EdTech

⚠ Students with disabilities excluded from digital learning environments

✦ Video captions, keyboard accessible LMS navigation, accessible quizzes & focus management

Design System Integration

Accessibility Design Tokens

Standardized CSS primitives engineered into your design system so developers build accessible UI automatically.

Get Token Audit
--a11y-focus-ring
2px solid #2338F0
Used on all interactive elements
--a11y-focus-offset
3px
Ensures ring doesn't obscure content
--a11y-touch-min
44px x 44px
WCAG 2.2 Target Size requirement
--a11y-contrast-ratio
4.5:1 (AA) / 7:1 (AAA)
Automated color token validator

Outcomes

Measurable results from every engagement

  • 01

    Zero Critical Audit Findings

    All keyboard locks, missing labels, and ARIA mismatches resolved across primary customer flows.

    100% Keyboard Reachable0 Focus Traps
  • 02

    VPAT 2.4 Legal Readiness

    Comprehensive documentation ready for enterprise procurement security & compliance questionnaires.

    VPAT 2.4 CertifiedSection 508 Ready
  • 03

    Automated Regression Shield

    Continuous CI/CD accessibility testing prevents new accessibility bugs from reaching production.

    Axe-Core GitHub Gate100% Lighthouse A11y

FAQ

Questions about accessibility & WCAG 2.2

Ready to make your product accessible to everyone?

Provide your app URL or staging link. We will deliver a preliminary accessibility diagnostic report within 48 hours.

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